Gumilyov Journal of Sociology (hereinafter «the Journal») is a peer-reviewed scholarly journal dedicated to publishing original, high-quality, rigorously selected research articles in sociology. The Journal covers a broad range of topics and areas within sociology, publishing articles that address both fundamental theoretical and methodological questions and empirical research findings across diverse sociological fields. The Journal welcomes contributions from various theoretical and methodological paradigms, aiming to represent the diversity of contemporary sociological research. The Journal has been published since 1995. It is registered with the Ministry of Culture and Information of the Republic of Kazakhstan. Certificate of re-registration No. KZ81VPY00114486 dated March 11, 2025. The Journal is indexed by the International Standard Serial Number Center, with ISSN (Print) 3080-1702, ISSN (Online) 3104-4638. The Journal is published quarterly, four times per year.
"TRADITIONAL VALUES" FOR THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF VALUES, PRACTICES OF HELPING BEHAVIOR AND IDEAS ABOUT THE FUTURE OF TWO GENERATIONS OF RUSSIANS
In the context of the changing ideological orientations of Russian politics, its interpretation by modern Russians is of interest. We focus on two generations – one has already had the experience of living through fundamental transformations in the 1990s, the second is witnessing fundamental shifts for the first time. The article presents the results of an empirical study carried out in the logic of mixed methods research, aimed at understanding the intergenerational value transformations taking place within the age cohort of today's adult citizens of Russia. The survey results (N=600), which capture values, image of the future, and practices of prosocial (helping) behavior, are compared with the interview data (N=60), which reveal the meanings that representatives of two generations put into values and practices that are significant to them. Although there are some quantitative differences from the older generation in the value profile of young people, mainly due to age factors, representatives of the younger generation also demonstrate the specificity of the meanings attached to the interpretation of a number of values. While individualistic values are more important for the younger generation, their representatives demonstrate no less, and in some cases, greater, involvement in practices of helping behavior and volunteerism. It can be assumed that it is the transformation of meanings that allows the values of personal focus (individualistic) to motivate prosocial behavior. However, the revealed narrowness of the time perspective and the low level of social optimism act as a threat to the consolidation of prosocial patterns inherent in youth.
values, generations, helping behavior, social optimism, particularism.
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ӘЛЕУМЕТТАНУ АБЫЗЫНЫҢ ӨСИЕТІ:Н.А. АИТОВТЫҢ 100 ЖЫЛДЫҒЫНА ОРАЙ
Биыл әлеуметтік ғылымдар саласының көрнекті өкілі, әлеуметтік құрылым және әлеуметтік жобалау мен жоспарлау, өндіріс және қала әлеуметтануының отандық мектебінің негізін қалаушылардың бірі – философия ғылымдарының докторы, профессор Нариман Абдрахманович Аитовтың туғанына 100 жыл толып отыр. Н.Аитов есімі ғылыми ортада қатаң эмпириялық зерттеулермен, нақты деректерге негізделген талдауларымен танымал. Алайда, ғалымның мұрасында оның дүниетанымдық көзқарасының эволюциясын көрсететін ерекше бір еңбек бар. Ол – 1996 жылы Алматыда жарық көрген «Моя социальная философия» (Менің әлеуметтік философиям) еңбегі. Ғұмырының басым бөлігін маркстік әлеуметтануға арнаған ғалымның зияткерлік тәубесі әрі ғылыми өсиеті іспетті осы еңбек – 90-жылдардың басындағы геосаяси дүмпулер, КСРО-ның ыдырауы тұсында Н.Аитовтың бұрынғы догмаларды қайта зерделегенінің айғағы. Назарларыңызға алғаш рет қазақ тілінде ұсынылып отырған монографияның «Алғысөзінде» Н.А. Аитов марксизмнен неге бас тартқанын, бірақ оны неліктен толық жоққа шығармайтынын түсіндіреді. Ол марксизмнің ХІХ ғасырдағы капитализмді түсіндірудегі қауқарын мойындай отырып, оның қазіргі «постиндустриялық қоғам» мен тарихи «өтпелі кезеңдерді» түсіндірудегі дәрменсіздігін ашық айтады. Аитовтың бұл мәтіні бүгінгі қазақстандық әлеуметтанушылар үшін несімен құнды? ⦁ Сыни ойлау үлгісі: Автор өзінің бұрынғы ұстанымдарынан бас тартудан қорықпайды. Ол марксизмді «Прокруст алаңына» (құбылыстың мәніне сай келмейтін жасанды өлшем) теңей отырып, ғылыми шындық бәрінен жоғары екенін көрсетеді. ⦁ Постмодерн салдарын маркстік талдау нәтижесіндегі сыңаржақтылық марксизмді қайта зерделеудің қажеттілігін тудырады. ⦁ Жаңа теория ізденісі: Мәтін соңында ол жас ғалымдарды ескі қалыптан шығып, қоғамдық дамудың неғұрлым әмбебап теориясын жасауға шақырады. Н.А. Аитовтың 100 жылдық мерейтойына орай, оның ғылыми мұрасын жаңғырту және қазақ тілді оқырманға жеткізу мақсатында төмендегі аударманы ұсынып отырмыз.
SOCIAL SUPPORT FOR FAMILIES IN POVERTY MIGRATING FROM RURAL TO URBAN AREAS
Migration from rural areas to cities has been increasing year by year. Many families migrating from rural areas to cities live in poverty and remain in it after relocation. Despite this, the country lacks social policies to support such families. The aim of the research is to identify the problems faced by poor families migrating from rural areas to urban settings and how they overcome them. Thirteen families participated in in-depth interviews (8 nuclear families and 5 extended families, of which 3 were single-parent families). According to the study’s findings, poor families that have moved from rural areas to cities rely on informal networks (relatives, friends, employers, landlords, acquaintances) for social support and assistance. At the same time, they avoid seeking help from formal sources of support. The main reasons are lack of information and distrust. The experience of migrant families facing stigmatization by local residents in urban settings has also been clarified. It has been proven that the overwhelming majority of these families live in conditions of domestic discomfort and instability due to financial difficulties. For successful integration and social support for migrant families, a social policy of support is needed.
rural-urban migration, poor migrant families, social support.
EVERYDAY ETHNICITY IN ASTANA: FAMILY STRATEGIES, RELIGION, AND MEMORY AMONG INGUSH, TATARS, AND DUNGANS
This article examines how ethnicity is constructed and maintained within Astana’s urban environment among Ingush, Tatar, and Dungan communities. The theoretical framework combines J. Berry’s acculturation model, F. Barth’s “ethnic boundaries” approach, and the concept of everyday religiosity, complemented by a historical-contextual analysis of colonial governance of Islam, deportations, and the Virgin Lands campaign. The study demonstrates that marital practices and post-marital residence patterns remain key mechanisms of boundary maintenance: among the Ingush, endogamy and patrilocality are normative (with urban variation); among the Tatars, nuclear autonomy prevails alongside high tolerance for mixed marriages; among the Dungans, a shift is observed from compact endogamy toward greater openness, while maintaining a religious criterion in marriage. Economic niches are correlated with family strategies and networks of mutual assistance: construction and entrepreneurship are typical for the Ingush; the Tatars combine public-sector employment with trade and services; the Dungans display a dual model linking Zhambyl (agriculture) and Astana (services and catering). Religion, language, and cuisine act as stable markers of belonging, while urban institutions–such as ethnocultural centers and sites of memory–connect groups without dissolving their boundaries. The study concludes that integrative configurations dominate, though local pockets of separation persist, with practical implications for urban policy.
Astana, everyday ethnicity, acculturation, ethnic boundaries, religion, marital practices, memory.
SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION OF FAMILY AND MARRIAGE RELATIONS IN KAZAKHSTANI SOCIETY AT THE PRESENT STAGE
In modern Kazakhstani society, the institutional structure of marriage and family is undergoing a profound transformation influenced by a wide range of factors – from economic and social changes to cultural globalization and digitalization. This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the key trends characterizing the current state and dynamics of family and marriage relations in Kazakhstan. The study highlights changes in the structure and functions of the family, including the increase in civil and late marriages, higher divorce rates, declining birth rates, and the transformation of reproductive behavior. Special attention is given to the evolution of gender roles within the family and society, the rethinking of traditional models of responsibility distribution between spouses, as well as the impact of urbanization and modernization on the family values of youth. The article analyzes socio-cultural shifts in the perception of the institution of marriage, including the weakening of traditional patriarchal norms and the strengthening of individualistic values. The research uses data from sociological surveys, official statistics and provides a comparative analysis of modern and traditional family models in Kazakhstan within the context of global demographic trends. This study aims to identify the factors of resilience and vulnerability of the Kazakhstani family and to forecast possible scenarios for its future development, taking into account national characteristics and global transformations. The findings are of interest to sociologists, demographers, psychologists, specialists in family policy, as well as to government bodies involved in developing and implementing family support measures.
FEATURES OF SOCIAL SERVICE ORGANISATION IN SOCIAL WORK PRACTICE
The article is devoted to the study of scientific and theoretical aspects of social services organization. This article presents a methodology for researching the social services organization as a technology of social work based on the application of “Тheory of Dynamic Information Systems” methodology developed by Professor V. I. Razumov. The use of the “Тheory of Dynamic Information Systems” methodology made it possible to present the social service system, define its categorical apparatus, build triads of dynamic information systems in the area of social services, systematize the components of social service in a certain hierarchy, and develop the conceptual scheme “Social service as a social work technology”. Also, the article examines the approaches to the “social service” concept definition, functions, principles, forms, types, and directions of social services. Based on the analysis of scientific literature and regulatory documents, the current materials are presented that reveal the features of social policy in the field of organizing social services; and there was taken into consideration the scientific and theoretical foundations, substantive and technological features of social services in the conditions of modern society development. The most important directions and characteristics of social service as a social institution, its formation and development in contemporary social work practice with various categories of the population are systematized in the article.
Social work, social service, social protection of the population, hardship, social policy, social service, principle of social service.
YOUTH SPORTS AS AN AGENT OF SOCIALIZATION IN A MODERN KAZAKHSTAN SOCIETY
Sport is one of the most important agents of socialization of modern youth, as well as an effective means of physical development, health promotion, communication, and the result of people's activity. The purpose of the article is to define teenage sports as one of the socialization institutions, and also to identify the factors of influence of sports on youth. The leading role of the sports environment in the process of socialization of adolescents through sports is considered, as well as its importance in the physical culture and sports education of young people. According to the results of the sociological research conducted, sport is the main manifestation of a healthy lifestyle for young people. Through sports, a young generation educates and perceives it as a means of socialization, based on discipline, reflecting in forming a certain system of norms and values. It was revealed that sports have a positive impact on the formation of his personal culture. Along with these positive factors, negative factors of sports were also identified, such as academic failure, high risk of injury. The results show that although participation in sports provides numerous benefits, it is necessary to eliminate significant negative aspects to ensure a balanced approach to adolescent participation in sports. It was also established that the presence of stress in the educational process, and insufficient development of sports infrastructure at the required level are the main obstacles leading to a decrease in the interest of young people in sports and their physical activity. The study of this problem will be useful for the further development and improvement of state policy aimed at increasing the physical activity of young people.
STUDY OF THE PROBLEM OF DISABLED PEOPLE IN KAZAKHSTAN
As a social state, Kazakhstan has implemented a range of active measures in the field of social protection for persons with disabilities or limited capabilities, in accordance with international standards. This article demonstrates that the analysis of disability issues in Kazakhstan requires an integrated approach, taking into account sociological, psychological, socio-cultural, and legal models, as well as the perspective of cultural pluralism. It is noted that the evolution of models-from the medical model previously used by the World Health Organization, to the social model, and subsequently to the modern social-environmental model (inclusion model), has significantly influenced the development of this field in Kazakhstan. The article also examines the scientific foundations of the approach adopted by Kazakhstani society in addressing disability-related challenges, its practical outcomes, and the current scientific-methodological and methodological aspects of resolving accumulated issues in this domain. By analyzing the academic work of domestic and international researchers studying the organization of inclusive education in the context of digitalization, the author emphasizes the importance of exploring not only the socio-economic, medical-demographic, and environmental factors influencing disability, but also how persons with disabilities are perceived by society, along with the particularities of their daily lives and spiritual world.
GENDER ANALYSIS OF MIGRANT WOMEN'S VULNERABILITIES: PATHWAYS TO EMPOWERMENT
The article presents the results of Phase I of the project, organized with the support of the International Organization for Migration in Kazakhstan and Central Asia and financial support of the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs in July-August 2024. The article addresses current problems faced by migrant women in the Turkestan region, manifestations of gender discrimination in the context of migration. It underscores the urgent need to adjust and create gender-sensitive strategies of the host state to expand their rights and opportunities for migrant women. To ensure the principle of triangulation – ensuring a comprehensive, multifaceted analysis and reliability of the research outcomes - the study used a mixed-methods of sociological approach. Qualitative and quantitative methods of data collection and analysis techniques: surveys of migrant women and expert interviews of specialists in the field of migration. The comprehensive study engaged diverse stakeholders: employees of government and law enforcement officials, media representatives, and community leaders. The results of the initial stage of the project research provide a detailed understanding of the social status of migrant women, highlighting various types of gender discrimination. Moreover, the findings contribute to the formation of specific strategies for expanding opportunities and rights of migrant women within the host states.
THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF STUDYING THE ROLE OF NEW MEDIA IN THE DYNAMICS OF SOCIAL CONFLICTS
Digital platforms have changed the way public opinion is formed and influenced. In the context of Kazakhstan, where the society is diverse in terms of ethnical, religious, and socioeconomic backgrounds. The Mass media have become not only a tool for information exchange but a powerful factor impacting the conflict potential as well. This article is devoted to analyzing theoretical methods of the phenomenon of conflict and media as a tool in the context of social conflicts. The research methodology involves literature analysis, the method of systematic review, and comparative analysis. Moreover, as part of the research, a content analysis of academic journals/publications was conducted, which enabled the examination of Kazakhstan’s specific approach in covering the social conflict. According to the analysis, the evolution of conflict theories has demonstrated the necessity to revise these approaches in light of the development of information technologies. The research results revealed the need for further development of both the theoretical and empirical foundations in the field of social conflict studies and its informational component within the Kazakhstani public scientific discourse. The development of research in this area could significantly enrich the understanding of the dynamics of conflict mechanisms, providing new approaches for managing them and preventing negative consequences.
MAHALLA TRANSFORMATION: FROM A TRADITIONAL COMMUNITY TO A SOCIAL INSTITUTION
This article is devoted to the study of the mahalla, which has historically been an important element of social organization in Central Asia and has undergone significant changes. Initially, the mahalla functioned as a traditional community based on kinship, shared values, and mutual assistance. However, over time, it has evolved into a key social institution integrated into the public administration system of modern Uzbekistan. This transformation process was driven by economic, demographic, political, and technological changes that redefined the role and functions of the mahalla in society. One of the key aspects of the mahalla's transformation is its institutionalization in the public administration system. In the past, the mahalla was an informal association where elders played an important role in maintaining order, resolving conflicts, and providing social support. However, after Uzbekistan gained independence, the mahalla became an officially recognized administrative unit responsible for local self-government, the distribution of social assistance, and the strengthening of social cohesion. This process has strengthened its role as a link between the State and the population, allowing for more effective implementation of public policy at the local level. Economic changes have also had an impact on the transformation of the mahalla. The transition from a centralized Soviet economy to a market model led to changes in employment patterns, migration processes, and urbanization. These factors have changed the demographic composition of mahalla communities, as internal and international labor migration has led to the transformation of traditional family structures. Mahallas have expanded their social support mechanisms, especially for vulnerable groups of the population.
INDIGENIZATION OF SOCIAL WORK: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN GLOBALIZATION AND LOCALIZATION IN EDUCATION
The indigenization of social work education involves the development of culturally relevant educational programs, which, along with universal theories, approaches and methods, are based on indigenous (local) knowledge. This study aimed to explore international experiences of indigenization. A systematic selection of articles indexed in the Scopus database was carried out using defined search strategies and inclusion, exclusion criteria. Based on a dataset (N = 130), a scientometric analysis was carried out to identify the main trends. A detailed analysis was also performed on a subset of empirical studies (N = 14) to examine methods, barriers and risks within this process. The following key themes were identified: the relationship between global and local in education; the lack of literature and the accumulation of indigenous knowledge, including from related fields; support in acquiring indigenous knowledge in practice; the study of cultural tension and conflict of values; the use of alternative educational approaches. The focus of indigenization in education varies depending on each country’s historical and contextual background; however, a common criterion is cultural relevance, which prepares students to work effectively in real-life settings. Both global and local should be represented and integrated within curricula, while the indigenous should be "visible" and clearly articulated. Indigenization entails risks of reinforcing cultural practices that promote stigmatization, discrimination, and oppression; therefore, the inclusion of critical theories and the development of students' critical reflection are essential components.
social work, education, indigenous knowledge, indigenization, cultural relevance, decolonization, cultural tension, conflict of values, critical theory, critical reflection
CONTENT ANALYSIS OF THE CATEGORY «UYAT» IN THE KAZAKH MEDIA SPACE (SOCIOLOGICAL ASPECT)
The article is devoted to the content analysis of the concept of «uyat» in the Kazakh media space. The study covers both traditional media and social networks, demonstrating how «uyat» functions as an instrument of social control, especially in relation to women and youth. The analysis revealed the main thematic areas related to gender norms, youth protest and humor, religious attitudes, positive practices of using the term, etc. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of the meaning of «uyat» in the digital environment, where traditional and modern values clash. The use of online monitoring tools made it possible to obtain quantitative and qualitative data on the scope, tone, and dynamics of discussions. A comparison with international studies of the phenomenon of shame was also made, which allowed us to identify both universal features and unique characteristics of the Kazakhstani context. The article contributes to the understanding of the modern identity of Kazakhstan, demonstrating how moral concepts are adapted or rejected in the process of social modernization. The theoretical significance of the study lies in the analysis and comparison of the works of Kazakhstani and foreign researchers of such phenomena as «uyat», «стыд» and «shame», which allows us to integrate «uyat» research into the global scientific community and adapt foreign research to Kazakhstani realities. The practical significance of the study is determined by the quantitative and qualitative dataobtained on the basis of content analysis, which identifies the contexts and tonality of mentions, the number of expected coverages in social networks and media, the content, etc.
UMAİ ANA AND ALKARİSİ COLLECTİVE VALUES İN TURKİC AND KAZAKH MYTHOLOGY
Mythology, as a language that reflects the shared experiences and universal themes of different societies, shows parallels in terms of similar figures and themes across various cultures. The similarities between mythological structures reveal historical and cultural connections, while also highlighting similarities in the worldviews, social structures, and belief systems of these societies. This phenomenon can be clearly observed in Turkic societies that share a common cultural background. When Turkic and Kazakh mythologies are examined, similar elements can be clearly identified. Essentially, it can be said that both cultures are based on a common heritage shaped by similar historical processes and cultural interactions. Although many figures in the mythological structures of the Turkic and Kazakh peoples show similarities, the most striking similarity is the figure of Umai Ana, who plays a central role in the mythology of both peoples. As a figure who protects both mothers and children, Umai symbolises goodness in both cultures. On the other hand, another important figure, Alkarisi, is the complete opposite of Umai and represents evil, especially targeting pregnant women and new mothers. In this study, the figures of Umai Ana and Alkarisi will be examined comparatively in the context of both Turkic and Kazakh mythology.
THE ERA OF DIGITAL MODERNIZATION IN KAZAKHSTAN: THE VIEW OF HIGHER EDUCATION STUDENTS
In the context of global digital transformation, it is extremely important to understand how the future generation of professionals, who find themselves at the center of these changes, will evaluate and integrate the new digital reality. The purpose of this work is to identify the main problems and prospects that students face in the era of digitalization of education and the labor market. To collect quantitative data, the sociological survey method was used. It was conducted using a questionnaire survey of students of various specialties and universities in Kazakhstan. The sample consisted of 4671 respondents. Statistical analysis methods were used to process the quantitative data, and content analysis was used to systematize the data. The results of the study helped to determine the level of adaptation of students to new conditions, which provided important data for developing strategies to improve the effectiveness of digitalization. The main factors influencing the successful adaptation of students to digital changes were identified. Despite the generally positive attitude towards digitalization, it was revealed that there are serious problems associated with access to high-quality digital resources, the relevance of online training programs, and the development of critical thinking in the context of information overload. The main problems are related to the availability and quality of the Internet, which is considered a prerequisite for the successful use of digital tools. The results obtained are of high practical importance for the development and adjustment of state digital modernization programs, educational strategies of higher education institutions, and the formation of effective policies in the field of human capital development. This article offers a unique approach to digital transformation through the prism of student youth - the driving force of Kazakhstan's digital future, and will become an indispensable resource for anyone interested in creating a competitive and innovative society.
digital technology in higher education institution
INTEGRATED INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE OF STATE–NGO COLLABORATION IN REHABILITATION FROM DRUG DEPENDENCE: EVIDENCE AND RECOMMENDATIONS
The article examines international practices in establishing mechanisms for interagency collaboration between government agencies and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the fields of drug rehabilitation and social reintegration. Drawing on experiences in the United States, Israel, and certain Western European countries, it analyzes a range of rehabilitation models, including the 12-step program, cognitive-behavioral treatment, religious programs, therapeutic communities, and substitution therapy projects. Specific attention is given to national policies facilitating reintegration into society, where provision of housing, labor, and family assistance is recognized as a key aspect for sustainable rehabilitation. The results of the research show that rehabilitation is effective if it is sustained by well-coordinated state-civil society alliances, medical, psychological, and social intervention integration, and long-term measures to restore personal abilities and social functioning. Based on these findings, the article makes some suggestions for Kazakhstan, for example, the development of a national rehabilitation system, increased active engagement by NGOs, and the creation of instruments for monitoring outcomes. In general, the research enriches our understanding of how cross-sectoral collaboration can enhance the effectiveness and sustainability of rehabilitation in different socio-political environments.
cooperation between the state and civil society
PRIORITY CHALLENGES OF DIGITALIZATION IN KAZAKHSTAN: EXPERT ASSESSMENT, INTERRELATIONS OF PROBLEMS AND STRATEGIC SOLUTIONS
In the context of the rapid spread of digital technologies, Kazakhstan faces a set of priority challenges that require systemic analysis and strategic solutions. The purpose of the study is to identify the key problems of digital transformation in the country and determine the relationships between them. The work uses a qualitative approach based on expert interviews and content analysis of their responses. The survey involved 102 experts representing the public and private sectors, academia, and the media sphere, and a total of 214 expert statements were analyzed. The results showed that the most significant problems are cybersecurity and personal data protection, a low level of digital literacy, uneven access to digital infrastructure, insufficient digitalization of government agencies, as well as an imperfect regulatory framework. It was found that these problems form an interconnected system that complicates digital transformation and limits its sustainability. A conclusion was made about the need for an integrated approach combining infrastructure development, advanced training, improvement of legislation, and strengthening measures to ensure digital security. Prospects for further research related to the study of the effectiveness of regulatory mechanisms, the impact of digital inequality, and the formation of a cybersecurity culture are identified.
ANALYSIS OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION POLICY IN KAZAKHSTAN AND IN SCHOOLS IN THE CITY OF SHYMKENT
Inclusive education, being one of the key directions of global educational policy, is focused on ensuring equal access to quality education for all categories of students, including children with special educational needs. The process of implementing an inclusive policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan is complex and combines positive achievements and significant challenges. The relevance of this study is determined by the increasing importance of the issues of inclusivity in the context of the transformation of the socio-educational environment. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the process of implementation and implementation of inclusive education policy in Kazakhstan, with a special focus on secondary schools in Shymkent. The methodological basis of the research includes the following stages: preparatory, desk study, analytical processing of the collected data and presentation of the results. The analysis of social policy in the field of inclusive education in the Republic of Kazakhstan indicates active state participation in the promotion of this area. The results obtained suggest that Kazakhstan has undertaken a number of initiatives aimed at the formation and development of an inclusive educational environment. It should be noted that the development of inclusive practices in Shymkent schools is of strategic importance for the successful implementation of government programs aimed at creating conditions for affordable and high-quality education for all children. The conducted research expands the scientific understanding of the processes of inclusion in Russian education, contributes to the practical solution of the tasks of ensuring equal opportunities for every child.
Social policy, inclusive education policy, policy implementation, children with special educational needs, special schools
THE USE OF CASE-MANAGEMENT IN THE SOCIAL SERVICE SYSTEM: ISSUES AND SOLUTIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF KAZAKHSTAN
The article examines the application of case management technology in the social care of families in Kazakhstan and presents the findings of an empirical study. The research aims to assess the potential of case management in delivering social services to families and identify key conditions and barriers to its integration into Kazakhstan’s social service system. The methodology is based on an expert survey of social sector representatives from various organizations and countries with practical or theoretical expertise in case management in family social work. The findings indicate that case management enhances the comprehensive provision of social services. However, its full-scale implementation is hindered by the absence of a regulatory framework, a shortage of qualified professionals, weak interagency collaboration, and insufficient financial resources. Despite these challenges, case management is recognized as a promising approach for improving social work efficiency. This study contributes by systematizing knowledge on case management and identifying key aspects for adaptation to the local socio-institutional context. The results may serve as a foundation for developing a strategic framework for integrating case management into Kazakhstan’s social service system and designing training programs to enhance specialists' competencies in this field.
CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION THROUGH YOUNG FEMALE CONSUMPTION IN KAZAKHSTAN
This article examines the impact of cultural globalization on the gender identity of young women in Kazakhstan, with a focus on the role of media and popular culture. The rapid growth of information technology and the widespread use of social media over the past decade have significantly impacted women’s consumption habits, making them more active and individualized. The theoretical importance of this article lies in its focus on the gender aspects of cultural globalization in Kazakhstan. The practical part of the work involves studying and analyzing how women’s media and popular culture consumption have changed in recent years. This research used a mixed-method approach, combining both quantitative and qualitative methods. It examined the consumption of popular music, cinema, and influencers, as well as the impact of media consumption on the gender identities of young women in Kazakhstan. The study’s results showed that, besides Western music and cinema, the consumption of female youth significantly reflects the influence of Asian globalization, especially Korean popular culture, known as K-pop. At the same time, family plays a crucial role for girls, as family members can compete with various social media influencers. Overall, cultural globalization through social media and popular culture has made young female consumption complex, personalized, and diverse in Kazakhstan over the recent decade.
Activities of secondary education organizations: conditions and limiting aspects (according to the international TALIS survey)
The purpose of the article is to analyze the social conditions of school problems. The empirical basis is the data from the international TALIS study; the sample consists of 15,980 respondents. Using mathematical procedures of multidimensional scaling and clustering, analysis of the data on the questionnaire was carried out, in which school principals were asked to identify problems complicating the organization's activities. The study shows that a third of the principals note a shortage of teachers capable of teaching students with disabilities and support staff, slightly less – difficulties with digital technologies, the availability of educational space and physical infrastructure, and one in four supervisors sees a lack of time to communicate with students. The scientific significance of the article lies in the expansion of the methods of analysis of the indicated research to understand the problems in the field of secondary education. Based on the results of the simulation, two scales and six clusters were obtained, which showed that school problems can be divided, on the one hand, into material-oriented (lack of digital technologies, inadequate physical infrastructure, limited Internet access, lack of educational materials) and human-oriented aspects (lack of teachers and support staff, lack of time for mentoring); On the other hand, there are basic problems (low qualifications of teachers and difficulties with educational literature) and promising ones (professional growth of teachers and high-quality teaching, including inclusive education). Understanding school issues and their relationship to social factors contributes to informed decision-making in policy development in secondary education.
Social status of professions in Kazakhstan: the role of corporate social responsibility and investment policy
In modern Kazakhstani society, the social status of occupations is determined not only by wage levels but also by public recognition, career growth prospects, and the degree of business involvement in developing the nation’s human capital. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) and investment policy play a crucial role in shaping public opinion about the prestige of different professions. This article explores how CSR and investment policies influence the social status of professions in Kazakhstan. While existing studies have addressed CSR from an ethical or economic perspective, its sociological effects, particularly on professional prestige, remain understudied. The study employs a qualitative case study design, focusing on Tengizchevroil LLP (TCO), one of the country’s largest foreign investors. Drawing on TCO’s 2023 Corporate Responsibility Report and related public documents, the analysis demonstrates how targeted investments in human capital, education, and local infrastructure contribute to enhancing the public image of various occupational groups. The findings indicate that CSR and investment strategies not only improve material conditions but also act as cultural and symbolic drivers of occupational valorization. The article contributes to broader debates on sustainable development, labor market transformation, and the role of business in shaping social hierarchies in post-Soviet contexts.
Increasing the economic activity of unemployed: Activation policy and motivational strategies
Activation policy related to increasing social benefits, recipients’ personal obligations, and responsibility for employment is implemented in Kazakhstan’s social well-being system. Although this policy is associated with some legislative and institutional measures, it is applied by caseworkers through their daily work. Motivational strategies used by specialists to increase unemployed economic activity have been widely studied abroad but remain overlooked in Kazakhstan. This study explored motivational strategies applied to increase unemployed economic activity in Kazakhstan. In-depth interviews with the Labor Mobility Center’s employees (n = 12) and structured observations of their interaction (n = 32) were conducted. Qualitative and quantitative analysis showed the most common strategies were: development of motivation for success; empathy and trusting relationships. Employees also applied a strategy to encourage self-understanding, remuneration, and sanctions, conveying vision, adjusting job seekers' expectations, and breaking down the hierarchy in relationships. An important condition for successful motivational strategies was an individual approach based on the requests of applicants. At the same time, the use of motivational strategies was rather intuitive and involved paternalistic attitudes. The findings can be applied to increase the effectiveness of the implementation of employment policy in Kazakhstan within in the daily practice of the social protection system’s employees.
Origins of institutional trust in Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan has been experiencing a decline in citizens’ institutional trust, particularly in Parliament, the courts, and the national government, over the past decade. There is an urgent need to investigate the factors that influence this erosion of trust. This study aims to examine the impact of perceived government performance and cultural factors on institutional trust in Kazakhstan. For that purpose, the study employs the World Values Survey’s 7th wave for regression analysis. Institutional trust is captured through citizens’ trust in Parliament, courts, and the national government. To measure the perceived government performance, this research employs variables such as corruption perception, income inequality, satisfaction with political system performance and satisfaction with the financial situation of the household at the individual level. Cultural factors have been captured through national pride, respect for authority and interpersonal trust. The findings demonstrate that satisfaction with a political system performance has a positive impact on institutional trust. In contrast, higher perception of corruption lowers the degree of trust in political institutions of Kazakhstan. With respect to cultural variables, national pride is positively associated with institutional trust. These findings have policy implications as to how improve the trust in national government, Parliament, and courts of Kazakhstan.
State response to social protests: exploring the dynamics of civil society and state dialogue
Protests frequently emerge as a manifestation of societal grievances, shedding light on various challenges faced by the population. In response, governments can adopt diverse strategies to address these issues. These include engaging in dialogue with protest organizers to negotiate solutions and implement policy changes, or employing repressive measures such as deploying security forces, imposing curfews, or restricting assembly rights. This study examines the state's response to the social protests that erupted following the 2019 presidential election in Kazakhstan. While previous research has explored triggers, key actors, and barriers to social mobilization in Central Asia, particularly Kazakhstan, this study adopts a novel approach. Utilizing content analysis of presidential speeches and video analysis of protests, it assesses the state's reaction. The findings reveal that the immediate response to the protests was marked by legal restrictions and suppression. In contrast, the state's long-term strategy involved attempts to address the socio-economic demands of the protesters through dialogue and accommodation. The study illustrates a complex and evolving interaction between the state and civil society in Kazakhstan. The state's response combined both conciliatory and repressive measures, tailored to the specific circumstances and perceived threat levels of the protests. This dual approach enabled the state to maintain control while demonstrating a readiness to engage with societal concerns through negotiation.
Implementation of the state language policy of the RK: expert assessment
The issues of language policy implementation are relevant in the context of linguistic self-determination of an independent state, which is modern Kazakhstan. The analysis of the results of language policy monitoring contributes to its improvement and adequate implementation by the state, which is important in the context of balancing the linguistic interests of all ethnic groups living in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The purpose of the study is to carry out a comparative analysis of longitudinal survey data on the implementation of the state language policy of the republic for 2018 and 2023 and to develop recommendations for improving the language policy. Research methodology- quantitative research method, expert survey, sample size- 60 external and internal experts from science and education, technology, economics and law, and media in 2018, and 50 internal and external experts from NGOs, education, and the manufacturing sector in 2023. The method of comparative analysis and document analysis was also applied. Results and conclusions of the study - in the period from 2018 to 2023, there is the formation of a new linguistic trend in the country - the change of communicative environment and its transition from traditional bilingualism to polylingualism, there are changes in the assessment of the prospects of the use of the main languages of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the assessment of the population in the issue of translation of the state language into Latin.
spheres of application of the state language
Scientometric analysis of value priorities: trends and perspectives
This article presents a scientometric analysis of the key concepts of “value” and “priorities” in scientific publications of the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The paper aims to identify trends and directions of research related to these terms from 2014 -2024. The choice of this period allows us to establish the state of the studied direction and identify trends in its further development. SciVal internal tools for working with the Scopus database and VOS Viewer software for visualization of keywords in Web of Science database publications were used for the analysis. Based on the analysis, a bibliometric map of keyword presence in different publications was built, and the interdisciplinary connection with the research topic was graphically visualized. The study revealed that the keywords “value” and “priorities” are multidimensional and are used in various scientific disciplines to analyze the significance of ideas, phenomena, resources, and strategies, which makes them important for understanding both individual fields of science and interdisciplinary research. According to research results in the Scopus database, the main related fields are medicine, neuroscience, psychology, social sciences, arts and humanities, business, management, and accounting, and in Web of Science - environmental, technology, business, medicine, and computer science categories. The value of the conducted research lies in identifying key trends in understanding value priorities based on scientometric data, which contributes to a deeper understanding of the direction of development of modern humanities. The practical significance of the research results obtained lies in the possibility of applying them to the formation of scientific development strategies, identifying priority areas of research in the field of humanitarian knowledge to monitor the dynamics of scientific interest in the topic of values in various disciplinary contexts.
Study of Anti-Corruption Ethics among Kazakhstani Youth: Media World’s Possibilities
The article describes the vision statements of young Kazakhstanis, which allow us to study the moral phase of the corruption phenomenon through the analysis of behavioral responses to corruption situations. Study of the anti-corruption ethics among young people is based on the results of a nationwide survey of Kazakhstan population conducted on the initiative of the Anti-corruption Agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan, together with the Talap Center for Applied Research. Such a survey was aimed at the perceptual evaluation of corruption level in the country and the potential for integrity of the population. The results of the survey demonstrate a negative attitude toward corruption among the majority of the respondents. As well, they maintain a principled stand on bribery and believe that corruption largely hinders the full implementation of personal and professional activities. The study established the fact that the moral guidelines of the majority of the rising generation broadcast anti-corruption attitudes. In this regard, of particular interest is the role and power of the media in creating the ethical ideals among young Kazakhstanis in general and their anti-corruption worldview in particular. The article analyzes the possibilities of the media in the development of anti-corruption ethics and behavior among the population.
The effects of digitalization on the individual in higher education
Society is like a living organism and contains constant differentiation and change. Social change is a transformation in the structures of social institutions and the functions they fulfill. Thus, different views of the social institutions that make up society and culture emerge in the historical process. To examine social change is also to see cultural transformation. Thus, it is to reveal the new state of the social structure. This institution-based definition of the process of change reveals the types of society that are defined based on the determining factors of social institutions today. Today, the dominant determinism of technology has led to the definition of digital society. Digital society is a result of technological development in the digital field. The increasing importance of artificial intelligence has been decisive in the definition of digital society, as it is seen not only in one field but in many fields. All social institutions, such as family, education, economy, politics, religion, and leisure time, are shaped according to this new determinant. One of the most important institutions among these is the institution of education. To understand the change in the institution of education, it is necessary to understand not only digital technology but also the determinism of institutions on each other. Social institutions affect each other; they can assume new functions or they can transfer their existing functions to another institution. What needs to be considered here is how situations related to trust, loneliness/individuality, and values will be shaped in the digital society. In this study, the digitalization process is considered as a phenomenon in higher education, and it is aimed to evaluate the social effects revealed by this phenomenon. Differences in the level of trust, loneliness, and technology use are discussed within the scope of the study, and the effects of digitalization on the individual in higher education life, which is an organization of the educational institution, are tried to be revealed.
New theoretical discourses on youth migration: a review of approaches
In the 21st century, the scale of international youth migration is constantly growing, and this process is becoming a typical phenomenon of the socio-economic life of the modern world. The goal of the work is to form a relevant theoretical and methodological analysis of the process in the context of social processes of our time. The scientific and practical significance of the work: the conclusions can serve as a theoretical basis for further research in the field of studying the migration attitudes of young people. Current scientific approaches of transnationalism and the “mobility” paradigm were chosen as the methodological basis for the analysis. Conclusions: New theoretical approaches require taking into account the social, cultural, and economic connections of young migrants. The work makes an important contribution to relevant analytical understanding of the process of international youth migration from different disciplinary perspectives and methodological tools. The practical significance of the results of the work: the analysis allows us to formulate a conceptual framework for an effective framework for youth migration policy in the country.
theoretical discourses of migrationology